Berkeley Earth
Berkeley Earth
Berkeley Earth began as an independent, skeptic-founded re-examination of the surface temperature record — and its reconstruction confirmed what NASA and NOAA had found. It is now one of the most methodologically transparent analyses available.
Coverage
1850–2024
175 annual values
Latest vs average
+1.29°C
2024 vs the 1951–1980 average
Current pace
+0.23°C/decade
average warming, last 30 years
Margin of error
Published yearly
a 95% confidence range for every year
Berkeley Earth · yearly difference from the average, with the margin of error shaded
How this analysis works
Berkeley Earth uses a gap-filling statistical technique called kriging across more than 50,000 station records plus ocean observations, and is the only analysis in this snapshot that publishes a margin of error for every single year. The series shown uses air temperature above sea ice, against a 1951–1980 average.
Shown with its own 1951–1980 average subtracted so all three analyses share one zero line — the only change we make to the published numbers. See how closely it agrees with the other two.
Warmest 5 in this dataset
Selected year 2000 ranks #31 warmest of 175.
Source
Independent statistical analysis of 50,000+ station series plus ocean observations; publishes per-year 95% uncertainty.
Published against 1951–1980 (air temperature above sea ice) · snapshot retrieved 2026-08-21