NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies
NASA GISTEMP v4
The NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies has published its global temperature analysis since the 1980s, building on station records that reach back to 1880 — the year global station coverage became dense enough for a meaningful worldwide estimate.
Coverage
1880–2025
146 annual values
Latest vs average
+1.19°C
2025 vs the 1951–1980 average
Current pace
+0.25°C/decade
average warming, last 30 years
Margin of error
Not included
this file carries no per-year range
NASA GISTEMP v4 · yearly difference from the average
How this analysis works
GISTEMP v4 combines the global weather-station network (GHCN) with sea-surface temperature records (ERSST), filling the gaps between stations up to 1200 km apart — which is why it covers the Arctic where some analyses leave blanks. It publishes against a 1951–1980 average.
Shown with its own 1951–1980 average subtracted so all three analyses share one zero line — the only change we make to the published numbers. See how closely it agrees with the other two.
Warmest 5 in this dataset
Selected year 2000 ranks #32 warmest of 146.
Source
Land–Ocean Temperature Index (L-OTI); thousands of meteorological stations plus sea-surface temperatures.
Published against 1951–1980 · snapshot retrieved 2026-08-21